Sequel Watch

John Elwood evaluations Monday’s relists.

For far more than a month, most of the relist action has showcased massive knots of relists involving just two blockbuster troubles — troubles to certified immunity and Next Amendment troubles to firearm laws and not substantially else. This 7 days, as the Supreme Courtroom faces the finish of the expression in about a month, there is a made the decision uptick in the selection of situations that are getting significantly regarded as for plenary assessment. And they consist of 6 situations that are (at least kinda sorta) sequels to the latest Supreme Courtroom choices.

Very first up among this week’s new relists: Kansas, fresh new off a few of wins in prison law situations, seeks assessment in Kansas v. Boettger, 19-1051, of no matter if the Very first Amendment prohibits a state from criminalizing threats to dedicate violence communicated in reckless disregard of the hazard of putting another in dread. This case is a sequel to Elonis v. United States, in which the court docket faced the problem no matter if the Very first Amendment demands a minimum amount displaying of mens rea, or prison intent. In Elonis, the court docket avoided the problem by instead keeping that, as a matter of statutory construction, the federal menace statute demands some evidence of a guilty brain bigger than the carelessness displaying that was the basis for Anthony Elonis’ conviction. The court docket remaining for another day the problem of what minimum amount displaying of mens rea suffices to fulfill the Very first Amendment. The court docket has regarded as situations raising relevant concerns in the several years considering the fact that, but has not squarely addressed the situation. The Kansas Supreme Courtroom invalidated a state menace statute that permitted conviction on a displaying that the speaker had reckless disregard for no matter if their statement put the listener in dread. The state seeks to revisit that keeping.

Henry Schein, Inc. v. Archer and White Product sales, Inc., 19-963, and Archer and White Product sales, Inc. v. Henry Schein, Inc., 19-1080, are sequels to — you will hardly ever guess — Henry Schein, Inc. v. Archer and White Product sales, Inc. Past expression, the Supreme Courtroom unanimously held that underneath the Federal Arbitration Act, a court docket may perhaps not make a decision a problem of arbitrability — that is, no matter if an arbitration arrangement applies to the unique dispute — if the functions evidently and unmistakably delegated the problem to an arbitrator, even if the court docket thought that the argument for arbitrability was “wholly groundless.”

On remand, the U.S. Courtroom of Appeals for the 5th Circuit after yet again refused to compel arbitration. It concluded that the functions had delegated at least some concerns of arbitrability to the arbitrator. But it held that since the arbitration arrangement bundled a provision exempting specified statements from arbitration (as suitable here, actions searching for injunctive reduction), the arrangement did “not evidently and unmistakably delegate[] the problem of arbitrability to an arbitrator.” Henry Schein, Inc., seeks to problem that dedication. In a conditional cross-petition, Archer and White Product sales argues that this problem does not warrant assessment, but that if the court docket can take the case anyway, the court docket should really also make a decision (1) no matter if an arbitration arrangement that identifies a established of procedures to utilize if there is arbitration evidently and unmistakably delegates to the arbitrator disputes about no matter if the functions agreed to arbitrate in the to start with put and (two) no matter if an arbitrator or a court docket decides no matter if a nonsignatory to an arbitration arrangement can implement it as a result of equitable estoppel.

Albence v. Arteaga-Martinez, 19-896, and Albence v. Guzman Chavez, 19-897, are sequels to Jennings v. Rodriguez, which held that 8 U.S.C. § 1226 does not give detained aliens the ideal to periodic bond hearings during the training course of their detention, and that the U.S. Courtroom of Appeals for the ninth Circuit had misapplied the canon of constitutional avoidance — the thought that courts should really prevent choosing a case on constitutional grounds if they can make a decision it some other way — in keeping otherwise. Arteaga-Martinez presents the problem no matter if a various provision of the Immigration and Nationality Act, 8 U.S.C. § 1231, entitles detained aliens to periodic bond hearings at which the govt have to verify by crystal clear and convincing evidence that even further detention is justified. The U.S. Courtroom of Appeals for the 3rd Circuit held, as a matter of statutory interpretation, that Part 1231 demands these hearings be held every single 6 months. The solicitor standard argues that was an mistake — and if Jennings is any indicator, the govt is probably to prevail.

Guzman Chavez will involve a relevant situation. The INA provides that when the Section of Homeland Safety finds that an alien has illegally reentered the United States following getting been removed, the prior order of elimination is reinstated from its initial day. Guzman Chavez will involve the genuinely arcane problem no matter if 8 U.S.C. § 1231 or 8 U.S.C. § 1226 governs the detention of an alien whose prior order of elimination has been reinstated and who is searching for withholding of elimination. The situation matters since noncitizens in elimination proceedings underneath Part 1226 generally have a ideal to a bond listening to, and the govt can take the situation that individuals in elimination proceedings underneath Part 1231 do not. The court docket denied cert on that quite problem just past expression in Padilla-Ramirez v. Culley, but the govt argues that Guzman Chavez is a much better motor vehicle for resolving the situation.

The past new relist is Rogers v. United States, 19-7320, a sequel to Stokeling v. United States. Stokeling held that a theft offense that demands the defendant to triumph over the victim’s resistance counts towards the Armed Profession Prison Act’s obligatory sentence enhancement for defendants with past convictions for “violent felon[ies].” Rogers asks no matter if bank theft (18 U.S.C. § 2113) qualifies as a “crime of violence” underneath ACCA since it has as an factor “the use of physical pressure in opposition to the person or property of another.” Petitioner Jurden Rogers argues that it does not, since bank theft may perhaps be dedicated by unintentionally overwhelming a sufferer or by presenting a teller with a demand notice. Rogers argues that, despite the fact that quite a few circuits have held that bank theft by intimidation qualifies as a “crime of violence” underneath ACCA, other circuits have held that comparable state statutes do not qualify as “violent felonies.” If the problem appears acquainted to you, it is since 1 of past week’s new relists, Hanks v. United States, 19-7732, will involve Rogers’ co-defendant Jerad Hanks and raises the very same situation. The court docket will take into consideration both situations jointly at this week’s meeting.

That is all for this 7 days. Until upcoming 7 days, continue to be safe! 

New Relists

Albence v. Arteaga-Martinez, 19-896
Situation: No matter whether an alien who is detained under 8 U.S.C. § 1231 is entitled by statute, following 6 months of detention, to a bond listening to at which the govt have to verify to an immigration decide by crystal clear and convincing evidence that the alien is a flight hazard or a danger to the neighborhood.
(relisted following the June four meeting)

Albence v. Guzman Chavez, 19-897
Situation: No matter whether the detention of an alien who is subject matter to a reinstated elimination order and who is pursuing withholding or deferral of elimination is ruled by 8 U.S.C. § 1231, or instead by 8 U.S.C. § 1226.
(relisted following the June four meeting)

Henry Schein, Inc. v. Archer and White Product sales, Inc., 19-963
Situation: No matter whether a provision in an arbitration arrangement that exempts specified statements from arbitration negates an otherwise crystal clear and unmistakable delegation of concerns of arbitrability to an arbitrator.
(relisted following the June four meeting)

Archer and White Product sales, Inc. v. Henry Schein, Inc., 19-1080
Concerns: (1) No matter whether an arbitration arrangement that identifies a established of arbitration procedures to utilize if there is arbitration evidently and unmistakably delegates to the arbitrator disputes about no matter if the functions agreed to arbitrate in the to start with put and (two) no matter if an arbitrator or a court docket decides no matter if a nonsignatory to an arbitration arrangement can implement the arbitration arrangement as a result of equitable estoppel.
(relisted following the June four meeting)

Kansas v. Boettger, 19-1051
Situation: No matter whether the Very first Amendment prohibits a state from criminalizing threats to dedicate violence communicated in reckless disregard of the hazard of putting another in dread.
(relisted following the June four meeting)

Rogers v. United States, 19-7320
Concerns: (1) No matter whether bank theft, 18 U.S.C. § 2113, which may perhaps be dedicated by unintentionally overwhelming a sufferer or by presenting a teller with a demand notice, has as an factor “the use of physical pressure in opposition to the person or property of another” under 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(three)(A) and (two) no matter if bank theft by intimidation qualifies as a “crime of violence” underneath Part 924(c)’s features clause, as the U.S. Courtroom of Appeals for the eleventh Circuit and a lot of other circuits have held, despite the fact that some other circuits have just lately determined that comparable state statutes do not qualify as “violent felonies” underneath the features clause of the Armed Profession Prison Act.
(relisted following the June four meeting)

Returning Relists

Andrus v. Texas, 18-9674
Situation: No matter whether the normal for examining ineffective aid of counsel statements, declared in Strickland v. Washington, fails to guard the Sixth Amendment ideal to a good trial and the 14th Amendment ideal to due course of action when, in death-penalty situations involving flagrantly deficient general performance, courts can deny reduction subsequent a truncated “no prejudice” assessment that does not account for the evidence amassed in a habeas proceeding and relies on a trial history shaped by trial counsel’s ineffective illustration.
(rescheduled right before the November 1, 2019, and November 8, 2019, conferences relisted following the November fifteen, 2019, November 22, 2019, December six, 2019, December 13, 2019, January ten, January 17, January 24, February 21, February 28, March six, March twenty, March 27, April three, April 17, April 24, Might 1, Might fifteen, Might 21, Might 28 and June four conferences)

United States v. California, 19-532
Situation: No matter whether provisions of California law that, with specified minimal exceptions, prohibit state law-enforcement officers from furnishing federal immigration authorities with release dates and other details about individuals subject matter to federal immigration enforcement, and limit the transfer of aliens in state custody to federal immigration custody, are preempted by federal law or barred by intergovernmental immunity.
(relisted following the January ten, January 17, March six, March twenty, March 27, April three, April 17, April 24, Might 1, Might fifteen, Might 21, Might 28 and June four conferences)

Mance v. Barr, 18-663
Situation: No matter whether prohibiting interstate handgun sales, facially or as utilized to individuals whose house jurisdictions authorize these transactions, violates the Next Amendment and the equivalent safety element of the Fifth Amendment’s due course of action clause.
(relisted following the Might 1, Might fifteen, Might 21, Might 28 and June four conferences)

Rogers v. Grewal, 18-824
Concerns: (1) No matter whether the Next Amendment guards the ideal to have a firearm outside the house the house for self-protection and (two) no matter if the govt may perhaps deny categorically the exercising of the ideal to have a firearm outside the house the house to regular law-abiding citizens by conditioning the exercising of the ideal on a displaying of a special need to have to have a firearm.
(relisted following the Might 1, Might fifteen, Might 21, Might 28 and June four conferences)

Pena v. Horan, 18-843
Situation: No matter whether California’s Unsafe Handgun Act violates the Next Amendment by banning handguns of the form in prevalent use for conventional lawful needs.
(relisted following the Might 1, Might fifteen, Might 21, Might 28 and June four conferences)

Gould v. Lipson, 18-1272
Concerns: (1) No matter whether the Next Amendment guards the ideal to have a firearm outside the house the house for self-protection and (two) no matter if the govt may perhaps deny categorically the exercising of the ideal to have a firearm outside the house the house to regular law-abiding citizens by conditioning the exercising of the ideal on a displaying of a special need to have to have a firearm.
(relisted following the Might 1, Might fifteen, Might 21, Might 28 and June four conferences)

Cheeseman v. Polillo, 19-27
Situation: No matter whether states can restrict the means to bear handguns outside the house the house to only individuals found to have a sufficiently heightened “need” for self-safety.
(relisted following the Might 1, Might fifteen, Might 21, Might 28 and June four conferences)

Ciolek v. New Jersey, 19-114
Situation: No matter whether the legislative prerequisite of “justifiable need to have,” which, as defined, does not consist of standard self-protection, for a permit to have a handgun in public violates the Next Amendment.
(relisted following the Might 1, Might fifteen, Might 21, Might 28 and June four conferences)

Worman v. Healey, 19-404
Situation: No matter whether Massachusetts’ ban on the possession of firearms and ammunition journals for lawful needs unconstitutionally infringes the person ideal to retain and bear arms underneath the Next Amendment.
(relisted following the Might 1, Might fifteen, Might 21, Might 28 and June four conferences)

Malpasso v. Pallozzi, 19-423
Situation: In a problem to Maryland’s handgun have-permit scheme, no matter if the Next Amendment guards the ideal to have handguns outside the house the house for self-protection.
(relisted following the Might 1, Might fifteen, Might 21, Might 28 and June four conferences)

Culp v. Raoul, 19-487
Situation: No matter whether the Next Amendment ideal to retain and bear arms demands Illinois to let certified nonresidents to utilize for an Illinois hid-have license.
(relisted following the Might 1, Might fifteen, Might 21, Might 28 and June four conferences)

Wilson v. Cook dinner County, 19-704
Concerns: (1) No matter whether the Next Amendment will allow a local govt to prohibit law-abiding inhabitants from possessing and guarding them selves and their family members with a class of rifles and ammunition journals that are “in prevalent use at [this] time” and are not “dangerous and unusual” and (two) no matter if the U.S. Courtroom of Appeals for the 7th Circuit’s technique of analyzing Next Amendment troubles – a three-element exam that asks no matter if a regulation bans (a) weapons that had been prevalent at the time of ratification or (b) individuals that have some sensible romance to the preservation or efficiency of a nicely-regulated militia and (c) no matter if law-abiding citizens retain adequate indicates of self-protection – is regular with the Supreme Court’s keeping in District of Columbia v. Heller.
(relisted following the Might 1, Might fifteen, Might 21, Might 28 and June four conferences)

Brennan v. Dawson, 18-913
Situation: No matter whether a police officer may perhaps moderately count on a slender exception to a specific and evidently set up ideal to protect him from civil legal responsibility when his perform significantly exceeds the restrictions of that exception.
(relisted following the Might 21, Might 28 and June four conferences)

Dawson v. Brennan, 18-1078
Situation: No matter whether the U.S. Courtroom of Appeals for the sixth Circuit misapplied the Supreme Court’s authority and established a conflict among the U.S. courts of appeals by keeping that a law enforcement officer violates the Fourth Amendment by getting into the rear curtilage of a house in trying to achieve the resident’s compliance with his probation ailment.
(relisted following the Might 21, Might 28 and June four conferences)

Baxter v. Bracey, 18-1287
Concerns: (1) No matter whether binding authority keeping that a police officer violates the Fourth Amendment when he works by using a police dog to apprehend a suspect who has surrendered by lying down on the floor “clearly build[es]” that it is likewise unconstitutional to use a police dog on a suspect who has surrendered by sitting on the floor with his fingers up and (two) no matter if the decide-made doctrine of certified immunity, which are not able to be justified by reference to the textual content of 42 U.S.C. § 1983 or the suitable prevalent law track record, and which has been proven not to provide its meant policy objectives, should really be narrowed or abolished.
(relisted following the Might 21, Might 28 and June four conferences)

Anderson v. City of Minneapolis, Minnesota, 19-656
Concerns: (1) No matter whether the stress of persuasion in certified immunity situations should really be, in element or completely, on the plaintiff, as held by the U.S. Courtroom of Appeals for the 8th Circuit in this case and by the U.S. Courts of Appeals for the 4th, 5th, sixth, 7th, 10th and eleventh Circuits, or no matter if it should really be put on the defendant, as held by the U.S. Courts of Appeals for the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ninth and District of Columbia Circuits (two) no matter if, underneath the state-established-danger doctrine, due course of action is violated when to start with responders fall short to give any treatment to a person suffering from intense hypothermia, and instead erroneously declare him useless and (three) no matter if the 8th Circuit erred in dismissing this state-established-danger case on certified immunity grounds.
(relisted following the Might 21, Might 28 and June four conferences)

Zadeh v. Robinson, 19-676
Situation: No matter whether the Supreme Courtroom should really recalibrate or reverse the doctrine of certified immunity.
(relisted following the Might 21, Might 28 and June four conferences)

Corbitt v. Vickers, 19-679
Concerns: (1) No matter whether certified immunity is an affirmative protection (putting the stress on the defendant to increase and verify it) or a pleading prerequisite (putting the stress on a plaintiff to plead its absence) and (two) no matter if the Supreme Courtroom should really recalibrate or reverse the doctrine of certified immunity.
(relisted following the Might 21, Might 28 and June four conferences)

Hunter v. Cole, 19-753
Concerns: (1) No matter whether, if the barrel of a gun is not however pointed instantly at an officer, evidently set up federal law prohibits police officers from firing to quit a person armed with a firearm from going a deadly weapon towards an officer if the officer has not both shouted a warning and waited to determine no matter if the imminent menace to lifestyle has subsided following the warning and (two) no matter if a police officer who inaccurately studies his perceptions of events during a dynamic shooting face violates evidently set up legal rights underneath the 14th Amendment.
(relisted following the Might 21, Might 28 and June four conferences)

West v. Winfield, 19-899
Situation: No matter whether an officer who has consent to “get inside” a property but instead destroys it from the outside the house is entitled to certified immunity in the absence of specifically factually on-position case law.
(relisted following the Might 21, Might 28 and June four conferences)

Mason v. Faul, 19-7790
Concerns: (1) No matter whether a finding of “objectively unreasonable excessive force” can be squared with a finding of certified immunity underneath the facts and conditions of this case, such as no matter if determinations of the trial court docket, as affirmed by the U.S. Courtroom of Appeals for the 5th Circuit, resulted in an incorrect assessment of the certified immunity situation and (two) no matter if the 5th Circuit’s dedication can be reconciled with other courts’.
(relisted following the Might 21, Might 28 and June four conferences)

Hanks v. United States, 19-7732
Concerns: (1) Whether 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1), which criminalizes the use of a firearm during a “crime of violence” – in this case, the federal bank-theft statute, 18 U.S.C. § 2113 –may be violated by unintentionally overwhelming a sufferer as a result of verbal requires or the passing of a demand notice somewhat than the use or threatened use of physical pressure, and no matter if the definition of the expression “crime of violence” cabined in 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(three)(A) is unconstitutionally vague on its face and unconstitutionally vague underneath the rule of lenity and (two) no matter if there is presently a conflict among the U.S. courts of appeals and an ambiguity in the law with regards to the federal statutory definition of the expression “crime of violence,” and a conflict among the holdings of some circuits, precisely the U.S. Courtroom of Appeals for the eleventh Circuit, and the Supreme Court’s prior holdings with regards to the constitutional viability of the present-day definition of the expression “crime of violence” in Part 924(c) and relevant federal statutes.
(relisted following the Might 28 and June four conferences)

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